Course Content
Part 2: Talking Without Words
How people used to send messages across long distances The story of light flashes, drum beats, smoke signals, and Morse code Why using dots and dashes (or 0s and 1s) is so powerful. Letโ€™s Talk in Just Two Choices: On or Off - What is binary, and why do computers love it? How โ€œonโ€ and โ€œoffโ€ can mean anythingโ€”yes/no, true/false, A/B Why 2 choices are enough to build everything
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Part 3: How Electricity Can Carry a Message
What is a circuit? How flipping a switch sends a message Why computers are made of millions of tiny switches.
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Part 4: Building Ideas Using Only Switches
What is a logic gate? (Explained without saying โ€œlogic gateโ€) How switches can help us decide things How โ€œAND,โ€ โ€œOR,โ€ and โ€œNOTโ€ control what a computer does.
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Part 5: How to Count, Add, and Remember With Just Wires
How computers add numbers using only switches What memory really is: remembering a single bit, then a byte How your computer stores your name, photos, and passwords. How switches can do math with just yes/no What memory means for a machine What bits and bytes really are (without the jargon). What are AND, OR, NOT, and more. How pictures, words, and videos are stored as 0s and 1s.
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Part 6: Making Bigger Ideas with Tiny Ones
What is a byte? What is a file? How letters, music, pictures, and videos become 0s and 1s What happens when you type on a keyboard
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Part 7: Meet the Heart of the Computer โ€” the CPU
What the CPU really does (without calling it โ€œcentral processing unitโ€) How it reads instructions, decides things, and tells others what to do How fast is it, really?
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Part 8: Letโ€™s Look Inside a Real Computer
What is a motherboard? How all the parts connect: CPU, memory, storage, input/output What happens when you turn a computer on.
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Part 10: How Is a Phone Like a Computer?
Whatโ€™s different inside a phone or tablet? How mobile computers are smallerโ€”but just as powerful Why phones still need the same ideas: binary, circuits, memory.
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Letโ€™s Find Out How Computers Work

๐Ÿœ No, Not an Insect

When we say a computer has a bug, we donโ€™t mean an ant is crawling on the keyboard.

We mean the instructions (code) are wrong, broken, or out of order.

Thatโ€™s called a software bug โ€” and it can make the computer act silly or stop working.

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๐Ÿ’ก Where Do Bugs Come From?

People write software. And people make mistakes.

Hereโ€™s an example of what a bug might look like:

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if score = 100:
print("You Win!")

Oops! That should be:

python
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if score == 100:

One equals sign instead of two?
Boom. The computer wonโ€™t understand and the game crashes.

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๐Ÿ“– Real-World Example: The NASA Bug

In 1999, NASA lost a $125 million space probe.
Why? Because one team used inches, the other used centimeters in their code.

The rocket flew the wrong way and crashed.

Thatโ€™s a bug โ€” a very expensive one.

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๐Ÿ˜… But Bugs Donโ€™t Always Crash

Sometimes bugs just make apps behave weirdly:

  • A button does nothing

  • A picture appears upside down

  • A game lets you walk through walls

  • You canโ€™t save your work

These are all caused by instructions that donโ€™t work as expected.

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๐Ÿ› ๏ธ What Do Programmers Do?

They do something called debugging.

That means:

  • Reading through the code

  • Testing small parts

  • Watching what the app does

  • Fixing the mistake

  • Trying again

Debugging is like solving a mystery.
You have to find the wrong clue and replace it.

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๐Ÿ” Bugs Can Happen Again and Again

Even after you fix one bugโ€ฆ

  • Another bug might appear

  • A fix might cause a new problem

  • An update might break something else

Thatโ€™s why apps and games often update so often โ€” to fix bugs!